Nat Turner's Rebellion, also known as the Southampton Insurrection, was a significant slave rebellion that took place in Virginia in 1831. Nat Turner, an enslaved African American preacher and self-proclaimed prophet, led a group of fellow slaves in a violent uprising against white slaveholders in Southampton County.

The rebellion began on August 21, 1831, when Turner and his followers rose up and started attacking white families in the area. Over the course of two days, they killed around 60 white people, the highest number of fatalities in any slave uprising in the American South. The revolt was eventually quelled by local militia and armed forces, leading to the capture and execution of Turner and many of his followers.

The aftermath of Nat Turner's Rebellion was brutal, with many innocent slaves being killed in retaliation by white mobs. The rebellion also sparked fear and paranoia among white Southerners, leading to harsher restrictions on enslaved populations and stricter enforcement of slave codes.

Nat Turner's Rebellion remains a significant event in Black history as one of the most well-known slave uprisings in the United States. It highlighted the inherent brutality and injustices of slavery, and inspired later generations of African Americans to resist and fight for their freedom.